An object passes the first beam and the gate starts a timer this stops when the object passes the second beam. Each light gate has two beams that are very close to one another. Light gates use light beams and timing technology to measure the speed of an object that passes through them. In the experiment, pieces of equipment known as light gates can be used to measure the acceleration of the trolley. This results in the trolley moving faster down the ramp, meaning that the rate of acceleration would increase. As a result, the trolley is lighter and the force that pulls on it from the nylon wire has doubled. The mass applied to the trolley or nylon wire is known as the variable as it has been changed. This means that three masses now sit on the trolley and two now hang off the nylon line.
2, a mass from the trolley has been removed and added onto the hanger at the end of the nylon line. 2), the acceleration of the trolley should change. When the masses are moved from the trolley to the mass hanger at the end of the nylon wire (as shown in Fig. The experimental set-up should demonstrate that the trolley would not accelerate at a fast speed, as the four masses on the trolley will overcome the mass of the nylon line. The aim of the experiment is to see how the mass would affect the rate of the acceleration. As the trolley has more masses than the nylon line, it has a larger overall mass. There are 5 kilogram masses involved in the system in total. This nylon line runs to the end of the ramp, is positioned over a pulley and has a mass hanger attached with a mass of 1 kg. 1, the trolley positioned at the top of the ramp contains 4 kilogram masses and is attached to a nylon line. The presence of the slope allows gravity to act and to prevent friction from the trolley’s wheels affecting the results of the experiment.īelow are two diagrams of the experiment: The slope of the ramp is slowly adjusted throughout the experiment so that the trolley continues to move down the ramp if it is gently pushed. The relationship between force, mass and acceleration can be investigated and demonstrated using an experiment involving a trolley on a sloped ramp. The investigation of force, mass and acceleration This is an example of the same force being applied to objects with different masses so that the acceleration is affected. If you then threw both a tennis ball and a large rock with as much force as you could, you would see that the tennis ball would travel the furthest. The different sizes in the force with which you threw the ball (the strength of the throw) affect the acceleration of the object. If you are having trouble imagining this, think about what would happen if you gently threw a tennis ball – it would not go as far as it would if you threw it with all your force. This represents how the force is proportional to acceleration when the mass is constant and the larger force causes the object in Fig. 3, the force applied is bigger than the force in Fig. However, the force that has been applied to each object differs.
4, you can see that the circles represent objects of the same mass.
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